Izindaba

I-Bauxite empeleni ibhekisela ethemini elivamile le-ores engasetshenziswa embonini, ne-gibbsite, i-boehmite noma i-diaspore njengamaminerali ayinhloko. Izinkambu zayo zokusebenzisa zinezici ezimbili zensimbi nezingezona ezensimbi. I-Bauxite iyimpahla eluhlaza engcono kakhulu yokukhiqiza insimbi ye-aluminium, futhi iyinsimu yesicelo ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kubala ngaphezu kuka-90% wesamba somkhiqizo we-bauxite womhlaba.

Iyini i-bauxite?

I-Bauxite iyiminerali yobumba esetshenziswa njengempahla eyinhloko yokukhiqiza i-aluminium. Yakheka njengomkhiqizo oyinsalela ezigidini zeminyaka ngenxa yesimo sezulu samakhemikhali emadwaleni aqukethe i-aluminium silicates. Yaqala ukutholwa eFrance ngo-1821, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi yatholakala ezindaweni eziningi emhlabeni jikelele. I-Ruiqifeng yakhe ubudlelwano obuqinile neGatsha lase-Guangxi le-CHALCO, engumkhiqizi omkhulu wase-China we-alumina, i-aluminium eyinhloko nemikhiqizo egayiwe ye-aluminium.

Isetshenziswa kuphi i-Bauxite?

Ukusetshenziswa okungeyona okwensimbi kwe-bauxite ikakhulukazi njengezinto ezingavuthiwe zezinto eziphikisayo, izinto ezihuquzelayo, amakhemikhali kanye nosimende we-alumina ephezulu. Nakuba ingxenye ye-bauxite esetshenziswa ezintweni ezingezona ezensimbi incane, inokusetshenziswa okubanzi okuhlukahlukene. Isibonelo: ngokwemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali, i-sulfate, i-trihydrate ne-aluminium chloride ingasetshenziswa ekwenzeni iphepha, ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi, i-ceramics kanye ne-petroleum refining; I-alumina ecushiwe ingasetshenziswa njenge-catalyst, catalyst carrier kanye ne-catalyst embonini yamakhemikhali, yokucwenga uwoyela kanye nemithi. I-Decolorization, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ukukhipha umoya, ukuqeda i-acidification, ukoma nezinye izikhangisi ezibonakalayo.

I-aluminium yensimbi iyinsimbi yesibili ebaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni, ilandela insimbi. Ngo-1995, ukusetshenziswa komhlaba ngomuntu ngamunye kwafinyelela ku-3.29kg. Ngenxa yamandla ayo adonsela phansi amancane athile, ukuqhutshwa kahle kukagesi nokushisayo, ukwenziwa kwemishini okulula nezinye izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu, i-aluminium isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yomnotho wezwe. Njengamanje, ukusetshenziswa kwe-aluminium okukhulu kakhulu emhlabeni kusemikhakheni yezokwakha, ezokuthutha kanye neyokupakisha, okubalelwa ngaphezu kuka-60% wengqikithi yokusetshenziswa kwe-aluminium. I-Aluminium iyimpahla yokusetshenziswa engabalulekile embonini kagesi, imboni yokukhiqiza izindiza, imboni yemishini kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswa umphakathi.

Xhumana nonathi ukuze uthole eminye imibuzo.